當代中文語法點全集

當代中文語法點全集（二版）

▎Time-When vs. Time-Duration (2)

Function Time-When expressions are words or phrases that indicate when an action takes place or a situation happens. They refer to a point in time, e.g., 6:30 this morning. Time-Duration expressions refer to a stretch of time, e.g., 2 hours. See examples below.

Time-When

	Past	Present	Future
Year	去年qùnián ‘last year’	今年jīnnián ‘this year’	明年míngnián ‘next year’
Month	上個月shàng ge yuè ‘last month’	這個月zhè ge yuè ‘this month’	下個月xià ge yuè ‘next month’
Week	上個星期/禮拜 shàng ge xīngqí / lĭbài ‘last week’	這個星期/禮拜 zhè ge xīngqí / lĭbài ‘this week’	下個星期/禮拜 xià ge xīngqí / lĭbài ‘next week’
Day	昨天zuótiān ‘yesterday’	今天jīntiān ‘today’	明天míngtiān ‘tomorrow’

Time-When vs. Time-Duration

	Time-When	Time-Duration
Year	2017年 ‘2017’, 2018年 ‘2018’, 2019年 ‘2019’…	一年yì nián ‘a year’, 兩年liǎng nián ‘2 years’, 三年sān nián ‘3 years’..., 半年bàn nián ‘half a year’, 一年半yì nián bàn ‘a year and a half’
Month	一月yīyuè ‘January’, 二月èryuè ‘Feburary’, 三月sānyuè ‘march’...	一個月yí ge yuè ‘a month’, 兩個月liǎng ge yuè ‘2 months’, 三個月sān ge yuè ‘3 months’, ...半個月bàn ge yuè ‘half a month’, 一個半月yí ge bàn yuè ‘a month and a half’...
Week	星期一xīngqíyī ‘monday’, 星期二xīngqíèr ‘Tuesday’..., 星期日/天xīngqírì /tiān ‘sunday’	一個星期yí ge xīngqí ‘a week’, 兩個星期liǎng ge xīngqí ‘2 weeks’...
Day	1日rì (號hào) ‘first’, 2日rì ‘second’, 3日rì ‘third’...	一天yì tiān ‘a day’, 兩天liǎng tiān ‘2 days’, 三天sān tiān ‘3 days’..., 半天bàn tiān ‘half a day’, 一天半yì tiān bàn ‘a day and a half’
Hour	一點（鐘）yìdiǎn (zhōng) ‘1:00’, 兩點（鐘）liǎngdiǎn (zhōng) ‘2:00’, ..., 六點半liùdiǎnbàn ‘6:30’	一個鐘頭yí ge zhōngtóu ‘an hour’, 兩個鐘頭liǎng ge zhōngtóu ‘2 hours’..., 半個鐘頭bàn ge zhōngtóu ‘half an hour’, 六個半鐘頭liù ge bàn zhōngtóu ‘six and a half hours’...