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@ 40894 SBTG Confucius
A 有人說，中國人不知道孔子，不能算有思想的中國人；知道孔子，不知道《論語》，也不能算有思想的中國人。今天，我們就來學習《論語》。當然了，在課堂上，我們只能學一小部分。
yǒu rén shuō, Zhōngguó rén bù zhīdào Kǒngzǐ, bùnéng suàn yǒu sīxiǎng de Zhōngguó rén; zhīdào Kǒngzǐ, bù zhīdào《Lúnyǔ》, yě bùnéng suàn yǒu sīxiǎng de Zhōngguó rén. jīntiān, wǒmen jiù lái xuéxí《Lúnyǔ》. dāngrán le, zài kètáng shàng, wǒmen zhǐnéng xué yì xiǎo bùfen.
Some people say, if Chinese people don't understand Confucius, they can't be considered an enlightened Chinese person. If they know Confucius, but don't understand The Analects, then they also shouldn't be considered an enlightened Chinese person. Today, we are going to study The Analects. Of course, in class, we are going to cover only a small aspect.
B 老師，《論語》不是孔子寫的嗎？
lǎoshī, 《Lúnyǔ》bù shì Kǒngzǐ xiě de ma?
Teacher, The Analects weren't written by Confucius were they?
C 不是。是孔子的弟子和再傳弟子整理出來的，記錄孔子和他的弟子的言行。
bù shì. shì Kǒngzǐ de dìzǐ hé zài chuán dìzǐ zhěnglǐ chūlai de, jìlù Kǒngzǐ hé tā de dìzǐ de yánxíng.
No. It was his students and his students' students who put them together, recording Confucius' and his disciples' words.
A 對。《論語》並非出自一個人之手。
duì. 《Lúnyǔ》bìngfēi chūzì yī ge rén zhī shǒu.
Yes, The Analects were not written by just one person.
B 反正我知道“三人行必有我師”是孔夫子的話。我爸經常用這句話教育我。
fǎnzhèng wǒ zhīdào `` sān rén xíng bì yǒu wǒ shī" shì Kǒng fūzǐ de huà. wǒ bà jīngcháng yòng zhè jù huà jiàoyù wǒ.
Anyway, I know that ``Amongst three people walking, one can certainly be my teacher" is a Confucius saying. My dad often teaches me using this sentence.
D 孔夫子說的是“三人行，必有我師焉。” “焉”在古文裡才有。
Kǒng fūzǐ shuō de shì `` sān rén xíng, bì yǒu wǒ shī yān." `` yān" zài gǔwén lǐ cái yǒu.
Confucius said, ``Amongst three people walking, one can certainly be my teacher. "Yan`` is only used in classical Chinese.
A 陳磊同學很仔細，注意到了這個“焉”字。哪位同學知道這個“焉”是什麼意思？
Chén Lěi tóngxué hěn zǐxì, zhùyì dào le zhè ge `` yān" zì. nǎ wèi tóngxué zhīdào zhè ge `` yān" shì shénme yìsi?
Chen Lei is very attentive, he noticed the ``yan" character. Which student knows the meaning of ``yan"?
D “焉”是語氣詞，表示肯定語氣。
`` yān" shì yǔqìcí, biǎoshì kěndìng yǔqì.
``Yan" is a modal particle. It really expresses an affirmative tone.
A 很好。它是用在句尾的語氣詞，沒有實在的意思。那誰來說一下這句話的意思？
hěn hǎo. tā shì yòng zài jùwěi de yǔqìcí, méiyǒu shízài de yìsi. nà shéi lái shuō yīxià zhè jù huà de yìsi?
Very good. They are used at the end of sentences, with no real meaning. Now who can tell me what this sentence means?
B 老師，這太簡單啦！就是三個人在一起走路，一定有一個是我的老師。
lǎoshī, zhè tài jiǎndān la! jiùshì sān gè rén zài yīqǐ zǒulù, yīdìng yǒu yī ge shì wǒ de lǎoshī.
Teacher, this is too easy! When you have three people walking together, one of them must be my teacher.
C 我覺得是三個人一起行走，其中必定有可以做我的老師的人。就是說在某些方面，別人一定比我強，可以做我的老師。
wǒ juéde shì sān ge rén yīqǐ xíngzǒu, qízhōng bìdìng yǒu kěyǐ zuò wǒ de lǎoshī de rén. jiùshì shuō zài mǒuxiē fāngmiàn, biérén yīdìng bǐ wǒ qiáng, kěyǐ zuò wǒ de lǎoshī.
I believe it means that when you have three people, at least one amongst them will be able to teach you something. In other words, one other person will always be stronger than the other in some aspect, and therefore can be my teacher.
B 哇.......比如徐曉婷和陳磊的成績都比我好，但是100米我比誰都跑得快！
wa.......bǐrú Xú Xiǎotíng hé Chén Lěi de chéngjì dōu bǐ wǒ hǎo, dànshì yībǎi mǐ wǒ bǐ shéi dōu pǎo de kuài!
Ohh... for example Xu Xiaoting and Chen Lei's grades are both better than mine, but I can beat them in a 100 meter dash!
A 對，大家說得非常好。孔子教育他的弟子要虛心向身邊的人學習。每個人都有值得大家學習的地方。
duì, dàjiā shuō de fēicháng hǎo. Kǒngzǐ jiàoyù tā de dìzǐ yào xūxīn xiàng shēnbiān de rén xuéxí. měi ge rén dōu yǒu zhíde dàjiā xuéxí de dìfang.
Yes, well said by everyone. Confucius taught his students to study with an open mind. Everyone has something about them that is worth studying.
Key Vocabulary
孔子 Kǒngzǐ
論語 Lúnyǔ
弟子 dìzǐ
再傳弟子 zài chuán dìzǐ
整理 zhěnglǐ
記錄 jìlù
言行 yánxíng
並非 bìngfēi
出自 chūzì
三人行必有我師 sān rén xíng bì yǒu wǒ shī
語氣詞 yǔqìcí
肯定 kěndìng
句尾 jùwěi
實在 shízài
虛心 xūxīn
Supplementary Vocabulary
儒家思想 Rújiā sīxiǎng
孔廟 Kǒngmiào
古文 gǔwén
春秋時期 Chūnqiū shíqī
謙虛 qiānxū
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