ChinesePod
aChinesePod
@ 40479 State
A: 中國企業的類型實在太多了，害得我怎麼也搞不清楚。
Zhōngguó qǐyè de lèixíng shízài tài duō le, hài de wǒ zěnme yě gǎo bu qīngchu.
There are just too many different types of enterprises in China. How can I ever keep them straight?
B: 是啊。從大的方面來說，中國企業可以分成內資，港澳臺資和外商投資這幾大類。其中每一大類又可以被細分成很多小的類型。
shì a. cóng dà de fāngmiàn láishuō, Zhōngguó qǐyè kěyǐ fēnchéng nèizī, Macao and Taiwan capital hé wàishāng tóuzī zhè jǐ dàlèi. qízhōng měiyī dàlèi yòu kěyǐ bèi xìfēn chéng hěn duō xiǎo de lèixíng.
Exactly. Speaking about the larger ones, Chinese enterprises can be broken down into these categories: domestically invested, Hong Kong, Macau or Taiwan invested, and foreign invested—any of these major categories. Each of these major categories can also be further divided up into many smaller categories.
A: 哎喲，你先別細分了，還是從頭開始給我講吧。我們先來說說內資企業，怎麼樣？
āiyō, nǐ xiān bié xìfēn le, háishì cóngtóukāishǐ gěi wǒ jiǎng ba. wǒmen xiān lái shuōshuo nèizīqǐyè, zěnmeyàng?
Yikes, don’t break them down yet. How about you start from the beginning again and explain them to me. Let’s first talk about domestically invested enterprises, how about that?
B: 好的。說到內資企業，其實我們經常聽到的國有企業，私營企業就屬於這一類。對了，你知道什麼叫國有企業嗎？
hǎode. shuōdào nèizīqǐyè, qíshí wǒmen jīngcháng tīngdào de guóyǒuqǐyè, sīyíngqǐyè jiù shǔyú zhè yī lèi. duìle, nǐ zhīdào shénme jiào guóyǒuqǐyè ma?
All right. Speaking of domestically invested enterprises, actually the state-owned enterprises and privately-owned enterprises we frequently hear about belong to this category. Oh, do you know what state-owned enterprises refer to?
A: 不是很清楚，不過我倒是常常聽到關於國有企業改革的消息。
bù shì hěn qīngchu, bùguò wǒ dàoshì chángcháng tīngdào guānyú guóyǒuqǐyè gǎigé de xiāoxi.
I’m not really clear on that, but I do often hear news about state-owned enterprise reform.
B: 那我就給你說說什麼叫國有企業吧。國有企業是指企業全部資產歸國家所有的經濟組織。
nà wǒ jiù gěi nǐ shuōshuo shénme jiào guóyǒuqǐyè ba. guóyǒuqǐyè shì zhǐ qǐyè quánbù zīchǎn guī guójiā suǒyǒu de jīngjì zǔzhī.
Then I will explain to you what state-owned enterprise refers to. A state-owned enterprise is just a business where all the capital belongs to the state economic system.
A: 原來是這樣，明白了，明白了。那私營企業呢？
yuánlái shì zhèyàng, míngbai le, míngbai le. nà sīyíngqǐyè ne?
Oh, so that’s how it is. I see, I see. So, what about privately-owned enterprises?
B: 它是指由公民投資設立或控股，以僱傭勞動為基礎的營利性經濟組織。
tā shì zhǐ yóu gōngmín tóuzī shèlì huò kònggǔ, yǐ gùyōng láodòng wéi jīchǔ de yínglìxìng jīngjì zǔzhī.
That refers to enterprises established and invested in by citizens, or held by citizens, which are based on wage labor profit-earning economic organization.
A: 那麼在中國國有企業和私營企業相比，哪一種更多呢？
nàme zài Zhōngguó guóyǒuqǐyè hé sīyíngqǐyè xiāngbǐ, nǎ yī zhǒng gèngduō ne?
So in China, in comparison which are there more of: state-owned enterprises or privately-owned enterprises?
B: 現在應該差不多。但是以前中國的企業幾乎都是國有的。近十幾年來，隨著中國經濟體制改革的深入，私營企業越來越多了。同時國家大力推動國企改革，國企的數量呈大幅度減少，可是質量和實力卻提高了很多。
xiànzài yīnggāi chàbuduō. dànshì yǐqián Zhōngguó de qǐyè jīhū dōu shì guóyǒu de. jìn shíjǐ nián lái, suízhe Zhōngguó jīngjì tǐzhì gǎigé de shēnrù, sīyíngqǐyè yuèláiyuè duō le. tóngshí guójiā dàlì tuīdòng guóqǐ gǎigé, guóqǐ de shùliàng chéng dàfúdù jiǎnshǎo, kěshì zhìliàng hé shílì què tígāo le hěn duō.
Now it’s about the same. But, in the past, China’s enterprises were almost all state-owned. In the last ten years or so, in the wake of China entering into economic system reform, there have been more and more privately-owned enterprises. Meanwhile, as the state has been vigorously pushing for state-owned enterprise reform, the number of state-owned enterprises has presented a large scale of decrease. However, on the other hand, their quality and actual strength have gone up a lot.
A: 這一點我也聽說過，能夠進入財富500強的中國企業都是國有企業。不過我也挺看好中國的私營企業的。這些年私營企業不僅發展迅速，而且在不同的領域都很有作為。
zhè yī diǎn wǒ yě tīngshuōguo, nénggòu jìnrù cáifù wǔbǎi qiáng de Zhōngguó qǐyè dōu shì guóyǒuqǐyè. bùguò wǒ yě tǐng kànhǎo Zhōngguó de sīyíngqǐyè de. zhèxiēnián sīyíngqǐyè bùjǐn fāzhǎn xùnsù, érqiě zài bùtóng de lǐngyù dōu hěn yǒu zuòwéi.
I’ve heard of this point before. Those Chinese enterprises that have been able to become Fortune 500 companies are all state-owned enterprises. But I also anticipate great things from China’s privately-owned enterprises. These past few years, privately-owned enterprises have not only developed rapidly, but have also been able to make outstanding achievements in different fields.
B: 沒錯。正是因為國有和私營企業的蓬勃發展，中國的經濟才會這麼繁榮。
méicuò. zhèngshì yīnwèi guóyǒu hé sīyíngqǐyè de péngbó fāzhǎn, Zhōngguó de jīngjì cái huì zhème fánróng.
That’s right. It’s precisely because of state-owned and privately-owned enterprises’ vigorous development, that China’s economy has become so prosperous.
Key Vocabulary
內資 nèizī
港澳臺資 gǎng ào tái zī
外商投資 wàishāng tóuzī
細分 xìfēn
資產 zīchǎn
歸 guī
國有企業 guóyǒuqǐyè
私營企業 sīyíngqǐyè
控股 kònggǔ
設立 shèlì
僱傭 gùyōng
營利性 yínglìxìng
經濟體制 jīngjì tǐzhì
深入 shēnrù
大力 dàlì
呈 chéng
作為 zuòwéi
蓬勃 péngbó
Supplementary Vocabulary
三資企業 sānzīqǐyè
參股 cāngǔ
併購 bìnggòu
產權 chǎnquán
振興 zhènxīng
改制 gǎizhì
產業 chǎnyè
龍頭企業 lóngtóu qǐyè
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