▎上, shàng, (Ptc), as in 在 NP 上, regarding NP (3)

 

Function This pattern ‘在NP上’ applies the validity of the main predicate to the NP in question.

1 有機蔬果在價格上雖然比較貴一點。但是一般來說，它的品質，顧客也比較信任。

Yǒujī shūguǒ zài jiàgé shàng suīrán bǐjiào guì yìdiǎn. Dànshì yìbān láishuō, tā de pǐnzhí, gùkè yě bǐjiào xìnrèn.

As far as prices go, organic fruits and vegetables are a little more expensive, but generally speaking, customers trust the quality more.

2 有機蔬果在市場上的價錢雖然很高，但是實際上農夫的利潤並不高。

Yǒujī shūguǒ zài shìchǎng shàng de jiàqián suīrán hěn gāo, dànshì shíjì shàng nóngfū de lìrùn bìng bù gāo.

As far as prices on the market go, organic fruits and vegetables are expensive, but farmers don’t actually make very high profits.

3 中國人習慣上都是先吃飯再喝湯。你們呢？

Zhōngguó rén xíguàn shàng dōu shì xiān chīfàn zài hē tāng. Nǐmen ne?

In terms of custom, Chinese have soup after eating the main meal. What about you?

4 我跟我最好的朋友在個性上很不一樣，她個性比我急。

Wǒ gēn wǒ zuì hǎo de péngyǒu zài gèxìng shàng hěn bù yíyàng, tā gèxìng bǐ wǒ jí.

My best friend and I are different in terms of personality. She is more impatient.

5 我來台灣快一年了，生活上都沒問題了，學習上也相當順利，中文進步了不少。

Wǒ lái Táiwān kuài yì nián le, shēnghuó shàng dōu méi wèntí le, xuéxí shàng yě xiāngdāng shùnlì, Zhōngwén jìnbùle bù shǎo.

I've been in Taiwan almost a year. In terms of my life, I have no problems. As far as my studies go, those are going smoothly, too. My Chinese has improved a lot.

 

Usage

(1) In most cases, a noun comes between 在 and 上.

(2) The 在 in this pattern can be omitted, but the 上 cannot, e.g., 在文化上zài wénhuà shàng ‘culturally’→ 文化上→ ＊在文化.