▎另外的, lìngwài de, another (See 別的biéde)

▎亂, luàn, (Adv), as in 亂＋ Verb, to do somethng in an irresponsible manner, risking undersirable consequences

 

Function 亂 is an adverb that refers to doing some action in a disorderly, irresponsible, destructive manner, risking undersirable consequences. The meaning originates from 亂 as a state verb.

Note the range of possible meanings through the translations below.

1 你不能亂倒垃圾，得等垃圾車來才能倒。

Nǐ bù néng luàn dào lèsè, děi děng lèsè chē lái cái néng dào.

You can’t just dump your garbage anywhere. You need to wait for the garbage truck before you can dump it.

2 功課要好好地寫，不能亂寫。

Gōngkè yào hǎohǎo de xiě, bù néng luàn xiě.

You need to do a good job on your homework. You can’t just do it haphazardly.

3 這些座位都有人坐，不能亂坐。

Zhèxiē zuòwèi dōu yǒu rén zuò, bù néng luàn zuò.

These seats are all occupied. You can’t just sit anywhere you please.

4 你的感冒雖然不嚴重，可是不能自己亂買藥吃。

Nǐ de gǎnmào suīrán bù yánzhòng, kěshì bù néng zìjǐ luàn mǎi yào chī.

Your cold isn’t serious, but you can’t just go and buy any meds you want.

5 媽媽怕孩子亂花錢，不敢給孩子太多錢。

Māma pà háizi luàn huā qián, bù gǎn gěi háizi tài duō qián.

Moms are afraid their kids will spend money like there’s no tomorrow, so they don’t dare give them too much.

 

Usage

(1) 亂 is always negative in nature. E.g., 亂寫luàn xiě ‘to write halfheartedly’, 亂做luàn zuò ‘to do something carelessly’, 亂選luàn xuǎn ‘to enroll in a course without thinking’, 亂走luàn zǒu ‘to walk mindlessly’, 亂交朋友luàn jiāo péngyǒu ‘to make friends indiscreetly’, 亂打電話luàn dǎ diànhuà ‘to make phone calls mindlessly’… these phrases suggest a negative, halfhearted, or haphazard attitude or way of doing something. 亂, however, differs from 隨便suíbiàn ‘do as one pleases’ in 隨便走走suíbiàn zǒuzǒu ‘to talk a walk casually without any intended destinations’, 隨便拿一個suíbiàn ná yí ge ‘to take anyone that fancies you’, 隨便坐suíbiàn zuò ‘to sit anywhere as you please’. 隨便 does not have the negative connotations.

(2) 亂＋V is also sometimes used in self-deprecation, often used to suggest humility.

E.g.,

1 A：你真會穿，你的衣服都很講究。

Nǐ zhēn huì chuān, nǐ de yīfú dōu hěn jiǎngjiù.

You really know how to dress. You have very refined tastes when it omes to clothes.

B：／哪裡，我是亂穿的。

Nǎlǐ, wǒ shì luàn chuān de.

Not at all. It’s just something I threw on.

2 A：／你的報告寫得真好，拿到 A。

Nǐ de bàogào xiě de zhēn hǎo, nádào A.

Your report was written really well. You got an A.

B：／哪裡，亂寫的，只是運氣好。

Nǎlǐ, luàn xiě de, zhǐshì yùnqì hǎo.

It was nothing. I just threw it together. It was just luck.

M語法