ChinesePod
@ 40598 Buddhism and Taoism
A 那個和尚怎麼穿得這麼奇怪？還有頭髮。
nàge héshang zěnme chuān de zhème qíguài? háiyǒu tóufa.
How come that monk is dressed so strangely? His hair, too.
B 那個不是和尚，是道士。道教和佛教是兩回事。
nàge bù shì héshang, shì dàoshi. Dàojiào hé Fójiào shì liǎnghuíshì.
That's not a monk. That's a Taoist priest. Taoism and Buddhism are two different things.
A 有什麼不一樣？
yǒu shénme bù yīyàng?
What's different?
B 這個說來話長。我簡單地跟你說一下吧。 道教是中國土生土長的宗教。以“道”為最高信仰。
zhège shuōláihuàcháng. wǒ jiǎndān de gēn nǐ shuō yīxià ba. Dàojiào shì Zhōngguó tǔshēngtǔzhǎng de zōngjiào. yǐ `` dào" wéi zuì gāo xìnyǎng.
There's a lot to say on that. I'll tell you simply. Taoism is a religion indigenous to China. Its highest article of faith is ``the way."
A 什麼是“道”？
shénme shì `` dào" ?
What is ``the way?"
B “道”就是宇宙萬物的本原。道教認為人的生命由元氣組成，肉體是精神的載體。人通過修煉身體可以成仙，所以他們特別重視養生。
`` dào" jiùshì yǔzhòu wànwù de běnyuán. Dàojiào rènwéi rén de shēngmìng yóu yuánqì zǔchéng, ròutǐ shì jīngshén de zàitǐ. rén tōngguò xiūliàn shēntǐ kěyǐ chéngxiān, suǒyǐ tāmen tèbié zhòngshì yǎngshēng.
``The way" is the philosophical principle of all things in the universe. Taoism holds that human life is composed of a vital energy, and that the physical body is a vehicle for that energy. Through ascetic practices, people can become immortals, so they especially value the cultivation of long life.
A 噢，就是煉丹，對吧？難怪古代的那些皇帝整天都在煉丹，想要長生不老。佛教好像更注重來生。看來中國人和印度人的思想真是不一樣。
ō, jiùshì liàndān, duì ba? nánguài gǔdài de nàxiē huángdì zhěngtiān dōu zài liàndān, xiǎng yào chángshēngbùlǎo. Fójiào hǎoxiàng gèng zhùzhòng láishēng. kànlai zhōngguórén hé Yìndùrén de sīxiǎng zhēnshì bù yīyàng.
Oh, by making pills and concoctions, right? No wonder those emperors of old were making potions all day. They wanted to extend their lives. Buddhism seems to pay more attention to the next life. I guess Chinese and Indian thought really are different.
B 嗯，不過雖然佛教起源於印度，可是傳入中國後，也融合了很多中國文化的特色。佛教認為現實世界是苦海，追求生死輪迴，把希望寄託在來生。
ng4, bùguò suīrán Fójiào qǐyuán yú Yìndù, kěshì chuánrù Zhōngguó hòu, yě rónghé le hěn duō Zhōngguó wénhuà de tèsè. Fójiào rènwéi xiànshí shìjiè shì kǔhǎi, zhuīqiú shēngsǐ lúnhuí, bǎ xīwàng jìtuō zài láishēng.
Yeah, but even though Buddhism originated in India, after it spread to China, it fused with many different elements of Chinese culture. Buddhism holds that the real world is a sea of suffering, forever caught up in the cycle of life and death. It puts hope in the next life.
A 那多累啊，活都活不好，還要擔心死了以後的事。
nà duō lèi a, huó dōu huó bù hǎo, hái yào dānxīn sǐ le yǐhòu de shì.
That's pretty tiring. You don't live a good life, and then you still have to worry about what happens after you die.
B 你又在瞎說了。那是一種信仰。
nǐ yòu zài xiāshuō le. nà shì yī zhǒng xìnyǎng.
You're talking nonsense again. That's a kind of faith.
A 你剛剛說到道士，那道教裡有尼姑嗎？
nǐ gānggāng shuōdào dàoshi, nà Dàojiào lǐ yǒu nígū ma?
Just now you mentioned Taoist priests. Does Taoism also have nuns?
B 不叫尼姑，叫道姑。他們的廟也不叫廟，叫道觀。
bù jiào nígū, jiào dàogū. tāmen de miào yě bù jiào miào, jiào dàoguàn.
Yes, but they have a special name in Chinese. Their temples also have special names in Chinese.
A 噢，明白了。反正什麼都和“道”有關。他們可以吃葷嗎？
ō, míngbai le. fǎnzhèng shénme dōu hé `` dào" yǒuguān. tāmen kěyǐ chī hūn ma?
I see. Anyway, it's all related to ``the way." Can they eat meat?
B 有些教派可以。
yǒuxiē jiàopài kěyǐ.
Some sects can.
A 我覺得現在信道教的人好像不是很多，中國還是佛教徒多。
wǒ juéde xiànzài xìn Dàojiāo de rén hǎoxiàng bù shì hěn duō, Zhōngguó háishi fójiàotú duō.
I think nowadays there aren't so many followers of Taoism. In China there are more Buddhists.
Key Vocabulary
和尚 héshang
道士 dàoshi
道教 Dàojiào
佛教 Fójiào
兩回事 liǎnghuíshì
說來話長 shuōláihuàcháng
土生土長 tǔshēngtǔzhǎng
本原 běnyuán
元氣 yuánqì
載體 zàitǐ
修煉 xiūliàn
成仙 chéngxiān
養生 yǎngshēng
煉丹 liàndān
長生不老 chángshēngbùlǎo
來生 láishēng
融合 rónghé
苦海 kǔhǎi
輪迴 lúnhuí
寄託 jìtuō
尼姑 nígū
道姑 dàogū
廟 miào
道觀 dàoguàn
Supplementary Vocabulary
方丈 fāngzhang
道長 dàozhǎng
吃齋 chīzhāi
靜坐 jìngzuò
冥想 míngxiǎng
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